Global interdependence refers to worldwide mutual dependence between countries. In other words, mutual dependence at a worldwide level. One nation depends on another for something. That country also depends on another for either the same thing or something else. As more countries depend on other nations for things, especially key things like energy and food, global interdependence evolves. Global interdependence is largely the result of international trade, i.e., the importing and exporting of products and services. In fact, countries today cannot survive for long without each others’ imports and exports. marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/global-interdependence-definition-meaning/
South Africa was colonized by the English and Dutch in the seventeenth century. English domination of the Dutch descendents (known as Boers or Afrikaners) resulted in the Dutch establishing the new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discovery of diamonds in these lands around 1900 resulted in an English invasion which sparked the Boer War. Following independence from England, an uneasy power-sharing between the two groups held sway until the 1940's, when the Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong majority. Strategists in the National Party invented apartheid as a means to cement their control over the economic and social system. Initially, aim of the apartheid was to maintain white domination while extending racial separation. Starting in the 60's, a plan of ``Grand Apartheid'' was executed, emphasizing territorial separation and police repression. www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~cale/cs201/apartheid.hist.html
The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The invention of the telegraph, telephone, radio, and computer set the stage for this unprecedented integration of capabilities. The Internet is at once a world-wide broadcasting capability, a mechanism for information dissemination, and a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals and their computers without regard for geographic location. The Internet represents one of the most successful examples of the benefits of sustained investment and commitment to research and development of information infrastructure. Beginning with the early research in packet switching, the government, industry and academia have been partners in evolving and deploying this exciting new technology. https://www.internethalloffame.org/brief-history-internet
It is an unfortunate truth that we live in dangerous times. There’s a veritable list of dates and places where major terror attacks have happened around the world in the past couple of decades alone. There is, of course, 9/11 in the U.S. There’s also the 26/11 attack on Mumbai and the 7/7 London bombing. The list is depressingly long — and expanding almost daily. The loss of life and property is immense, and despite the global war on terror, these attacks continue relentlessly. From 2008-2017, there was an average of over 21,000 terrorism-related deaths worldwide each year, according to estimates from U.K.-based research organization Our World in Data. According to the Global Terrorism Database, most terror attacks in the 21st century target both people and property. www.forbes.com/sites/forbesfinancecouncil/2019/12/26/trade-in-the-age-of-terrorism/#77bd42ab2006
State Standards:
8.3 Analyze the “new” balance of power and the search for peace and stability in terms of how each has influenced global interactions since the last half of the twentieth century (e.g., post WWII, Post Cold War, 1990s Globalization, New World Order, Global Achievements and Innovations).
8.5 Explain how population growth, urbanization, industrialization, warfare and the global market economy have contributed to changes in the environment (e.g., deforestation, pollution, clear cutting, Ozone depletion, climate change, global warming, industrial emissions and fuel combustion, habitat destruction, etc.).
8.6 Explain how liberal democracy, private enterprise and human rights movements have reshaped political, economic and social life in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Europe, the Soviet Union and the United States (e.g., U.N. Declaration of Human Rights, end of Cold War, apartheid, etc.).
8.7 Explain why terrorist groups and movements have proliferated and the extent of their impact on politics and society in various countries (e.g., Basque, PLO, IRA, Tamil Tigers, Al Qaeda, Hamas, Hezbollah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, etc.)
Essential Questions:
1. How do competing powers exert influence and authority in the Modern Age? 2. What are basic universal human rights, and from where are they derived? 3. How can human rights be protected? 4. To what extent has modernization been a positive or negative force? 5. What are the implications of global interdependence for the future?
Major Learning Points:
1. Global interactions are shaped by political and economic differences among nations and can influence global stability.
2. Population growth and modernization leads to conflict and changes in the environment as a result of the need for increased space and resources.
3. Human rights and social change can be promoted or challenged by differing systems of government, often shaped by the values and beliefs of individuals or groups in a society.
4. The Internet has allowed for the exchange of ideas to take place rapidly and contributed to greater global interaction, and certain countries have sought to expand or limit access to the internet.
5. Acts of violence occur as a result of political and economic factors such as the struggle for power, nationalism, religion, marginalization or globalization.
6. Population growth, economic development, and modernization (urbanization and industrialization) are factors that affect the environment (ex: pollution, loss of habitat, deforestation, global climate change).
Topic 2: Multinational Corporations, Human Rights & Trade Agreements
1. The EU: video, website, worksheet 2. NAFTA & USMCA: video, website, worksheet 3. The WTO: video, website, 4. UNICEF: video 1 - 2, website, worksheet 5. Doctors Without Borders/WHO: DWB video, WHO video, DWB website, WHO website, discussion: what are the major similarities and differences between the two groups? Where in the world do each group target? What is the major health issues each attempts to help? 6. The Better World Campaign - video, website, group discussion: how could it help specifically in your neighborhood, nation, hemisphere and the world?
1. Deforestation: video, website, timeline, map activity, discussion: using the interactive map, what factors do you believe contribute to deforestation, what are the consequences if it is not managed appropriately, what role does it play in global economies? 2. Pollution: video, website, worksheet 3. Climate Change: video, website 1 - 2 - 3 - 4, Is It Real or Is It Fake Activity
Topic 4: The Internet
1. The creation of the Internet 101: video, websites 1 - 2 - 3, timeline 2. Discussion: What are the positives and negatives of the internet? How can schools better use the vast resources online to enhance student learning? 3. Discussion: What are the positives and negatives of having your house, vehicle, phone and gadgets controlled by internet agencies? 4. Discussion: Are things on the internet protected by the Constitution and where do you draw the line between personal protection identity and censorship? 5. Discussion: Does the government, a school, a parent, a guardian or a private company have any obligation to monitor your usage of the internet? (think about the PATRIOT Act both positives and negatives) 6. Discussion: Should the things that you look at, download, upload, etc... to the internet affect your potential for being hired at a job of your choice? Should it be grounds for your dismissal once you are hired? Should your online footprint be monitored and assessed in any form of a "social media credit score" or rating? 7. Discussion: Should there be any expectation of privacy of your image or likeness on the internet? How does that play into apps that you willingly use "filters" on?
Topic 5: Age of Terrorism
1. Sinn Fein and The IRA: video 1 - 2, website - 2, Gouge Notes, 2. The PLO: video 1 - 2, website, Gouge Notes, 3. The Iranian Hostage Situation: videos 1 - 2 - 3, website, Gouge Notes, 4. Muammar Khadafi & Libya: video, website, Gouge Notes, 5. Embassy Bombings in Beirut & Kuwait: video, website 1 - 2, Gouge Notes, 6. Airline Hijackings: video 1 - 2 - 3, website 1 - 2 - 3, Gouge Notes, 7. The Attacks on September 11th, 2001: video 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5, websites 1 - 2 - 3, timeline, activity